Shaved head, bomber jacket, combat boots – anyone who still pictures the typical frustrated (East) German youngsters as the “right-wing extremist” is overlooking the diversity of the phenomenon. The growing popularity of right-wing populist movements and parties has changed the face of right-wing extremism long-term. The well-known, organised neo-Nazism has managed to counter its loss of meaning with a strategic realignment. For example, the so-called “Identitarian Movement” with its new forms of action and manifestations has succeeded in increasing its attractiveness, especially among young people. That the upswing of right-wing populism, in particular the electoral successes of the right-wing populist parties, corresponds to the rise in the number of people with extreme right-wing ideologies, is confirmed by assessments of the security agencies that the number of violent right-wing extremists is on the rise. Encouraged by the increasing polarisation of society (“immigration advocates” vs. “immigration opponents”), they are registering an enormous increase in hate crimes (especially within refugee accommodations), whose offenders are no longer recruited from the environment of (organised) right-wing extremism. In an interview with Tagesspiegel (in 2016), the director of the Federal Criminal Police Office, Holger Münch, even stated that “approximately three-quarters” of the suspects identified in attacks on refugee camps were not previously known as extremists.